import collections
import heapq
import sys
import math
import itertools
import bisect
from io import BytesIO, IOBase
import os
def vsInput():
sys.stdin = open('input.txt', 'r')
sys.stdout = open('output.txt', 'w')
BUFSIZE = 8192
class FastIO(IOBase):
newlines = 0
def __init__(self, file):
self._fd = file.fileno()
self.buffer = BytesIO()
self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode
self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None
def read(self):
while True:
b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
if not b:
break
ptr = self.buffer.tell()
self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
self.newlines = 0
return self.buffer.read()
def readline(self):
while self.newlines == 0:
b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b)
ptr = self.buffer.tell()
self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
self.newlines -= 1
return self.buffer.readline()
def flush(self):
if self.writable:
os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue())
self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0)
class IOWrapper(IOBase):
def __init__(self, file):
self.buffer = FastIO(file)
self.flush = self.buffer.flush
self.writable = self.buffer.writable
self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii"))
self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii")
self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii")
sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout)
def input(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
def value(): return tuple(map(int, input().split()))
def inlt(): return [int(i) for i in input().split()]
def inp(): return int(input())
def insr(): return input()
def stlt(): return [i for i in input().split()]
def SieveOfEratosthenes(n):
prime = [True for i in range(n+1)]
p = 2
l = []
while (p * p <= n):
if (prime[p] == True):
for i in range(p * p, n+1, p):
prime[i] = False
p += 1
for p in range(2, n+1):
if prime[p]:
l.append(p)
else:
continue
return l
def isPrime(n):
prime_flag = 0
if n > 1:
for i in range(2, int(math.sqrt(n)) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
prime_flag = 1
break
if prime_flag == 0:
return True
else:
return False
else:
return False
def gcdofarray(a):
x = 0
for p in a:
x = math.gcd(x, p)
return x
def printDivisors(n):
i = 1
ans = []
while i <= math.sqrt(n):
if (n % i == 0):
if (n / i == i):
ans.append(i)
else:
ans.append(i)
ans.append(n // i)
i = i + 1
ans.sort()
return ans
def binaryToDecimal(n):
return int(n, 2)
def countTriplets(a, n):
s = set()
for i in range(n):
s.add(a[i])
count = 0
for i in range(n):
for j in range(i + 1, n, 1):
xr = a[i] ^ a[j]
if xr in s and xr != a[i] and xr != a[j]:
count += 1
return int(count // 3)
def countOdd(L, R):
N = (R - L) // 2
if (R % 2 != 0 or L % 2 != 0):
N += 1
return N
def isPalindrome(s):
return s == s[::-1]
def sufsum(a):
test_list = a.copy()
test_list.reverse()
n = len(test_list)
for i in range(1, n):
test_list[i] = test_list[i] + test_list[i - 1]
return test_list
def prsum(b):
a = b.copy()
for i in range(1, len(a)):
a[i] += a[i - 1]
return a
def badachotabadachota(nums):
nums.sort()
i = 0
j = len(nums) - 1
ans = []
cc = 0
while len(ans) != len(nums):
if cc % 2 == 0:
ans.append(nums[j])
j -= 1
else:
ans.append(nums[i])
i += 1
cc += 1
return ans
def chotabadachotabada(nums):
nums.sort()
i = 0
j = len(nums) - 1
ans = []
cc = 0
while len(ans) != len(nums):
if cc % 2 == 1:
ans.append(nums[j])
j -= 1
else:
ans.append(nums[i])
i += 1
cc += 1
return ans
def primeFactors(n):
ans = []
while n % 2 == 0:
ans.append(2)
n = n // 2
for i in range(3, int(math.sqrt(n))+1, 2):
while n % i == 0:
ans.append(i)
n = n / i
if n > 2:
ans.append(n)
return ans
def closestMultiple(n, x):
if x > n:
return x
z = (int)(x / 2)
n = n + z
n = n - (n % x)
return n
def getPairsCount(arr, n, sum):
m = [0] * 1000
for i in range(0, n):
m[arr[i]] += 1
twice_count = 0
for i in range(0, n):
twice_count += m[int(sum - arr[i])]
if (int(sum - arr[i]) == arr[i]):
twice_count -= 1
return int(twice_count / 2)
def remove_consec_duplicates(test_list):
res = [i[0] for i in itertools.groupby(test_list)]
return res
def BigPower(a, b, mod):
if b == 0:
return 1
ans = BigPower(a, b//2, mod)
ans *= ans
ans %= mod
if b % 2:
ans *= a
return ans % mod
def nextPowerOf2(n):
count = 0
if (n and not(n & (n - 1))):
return n
while(n != 0):
n >>= 1
count += 1
return 1 << count
def multiply(x, res, res_size):
carry = 0
i = 0
while i < res_size:
prod = res[i] * x + carry
res[i] = prod % 10 carry = prod//10 i = i + 1
while (carry):
res[res_size] = carry % 10
carry = carry // 10
res_size = res_size + 1
return res_size
def Kadane(a, size):
max_so_far = -1e18 - 1
max_ending_here = 0
for i in range(0, size):
max_ending_here = max_ending_here + a[i]
if (max_so_far < max_ending_here):
max_so_far = max_ending_here
if max_ending_here < 0:
max_ending_here = 0
return max_so_far
def highestPowerof2(n):
res = 0
for i in range(n, 0, -1):
if ((i & (i - 1)) == 0):
res = i
break
return res
def lower_bound(numbers, length, searchnum):
answer = -1
start = 0
end = length - 1
while start <= end:
middle = (start + end)//2
if numbers[middle] == searchnum:
answer = middle
end = middle - 1
elif numbers[middle] > searchnum:
end = middle - 1
else:
start = middle + 1
return answer
def MEX(nList, start):
nList = set(nList)
mex = start
while mex in nList:
mex += 1
return mex
def MinValue(N, X):
N = list(N)
ln = len(N)
position = ln + 1
for i in range(ln - 1, -1, -1):
if ((ord(N[i]) - ord('0')) > X):
position = i
c = chr(X + ord('0'))
str = N.insert(position, c)
return ''.join(N)
def findClosest(arr, n, target):
if (target <= arr[0]):
return arr[0]
if (target >= arr[n - 1]):
return arr[n - 1]
i = 0
j = n
mid = 0
while (i < j):
mid = (i + j) // 2
if (arr[mid] == target):
return arr[mid]
if (target < arr[mid]):
if (mid > 0 and target > arr[mid - 1]):
return getClosest(arr[mid - 1], arr[mid], target)
j = mid
else:
if (mid < n - 1 and target < arr[mid + 1]):
return getClosest(arr[mid], arr[mid + 1], target)
i = mid + 1
return arr[mid]
def getClosest(val1, val2, target):
if (target - val1 >= val2 - target):
return val2
else:
return val1
def ncr(n, r, p):
num = den = 1
for i in range(r):
num = (num * (n - i)) % p
den = (den * (i + 1)) % p
return (num * pow(den, p - 2, p)) % p
class Graph:
def __init__(self, edges, n):
self.adjList = [[] for _ in range(n)]
for (src, dest) in edges:
self.adjList[src].append(dest)
self.adjList[dest].append(src)
def BFS(graph, v, discovered):
q = collections.deque()
discovered[v] = True
q.append(v)
ans = []
while q:
v = q.popleft()
ans.append(v)
for u in graph.adjList[v]:
if not discovered[u]:
discovered[u] = True
q.append(u)
return ans
def getsumFT(BITTree, i):
s = 0
i = i+1
while i > 0:
s += BITTree[i]
i -= i & (-i)
return s
def updatebit(BITTree, n, i, v):
i += 1
while i <= n:
BITTree[i] += v
i += i & (-i)
def construct(arr, n):
BITTree = [0]*(n+1)
for i in range(n):
updatebit(BITTree, n, i, arr[i])
return BITTree
def getMid(s, e):
return s + (e - s) // 2
def getSumUtil(st, ss, se, qs, qe, si):
if (qs <= ss and qe >= se):
return st[si]
if (se < qs or ss > qe):
return 0
mid = getMid(ss, se)
return getSumUtil(st, ss, mid, qs, qe, 2 * si + 1) + getSumUtil(st, mid + 1, se, qs, qe, 2 * si + 2)
def updateValueUtil(st, ss, se, i, diff, si):
if (i < ss or i > se):
return
st[si] = st[si] + diff
if (se != ss):
mid = getMid(ss, se)
updateValueUtil(st, ss, mid, i,
diff, 2 * si + 1)
updateValueUtil(st, mid + 1, se, i,
diff, 2 * si + 2)
def updateValue(arr, st, n, i, new_val):
if (i < 0 or i > n - 1):
print("Invalid Input", end="")
return
diff = new_val - arr[i]
arr[i] = new_val
updateValueUtil(st, 0, n - 1, i, diff, 0)
def getSum(st, n, qs, qe):
if (qs < 0 or qe > n - 1 or qs > qe):
print("Invalid Input", end="")
return -1
return getSumUtil(st, 0, n - 1, qs, qe, 0)
def constructSTUtil(arr, ss, se, st, si):
if (ss == se):
st[si] = arr[ss]
return arr[ss]
mid = getMid(ss, se)
st[si] = constructSTUtil(arr, ss, mid, st, si * 2 + 1) + \
constructSTUtil(arr, mid + 1, se, st, si * 2 + 2)
return st[si]
def constructST(arr, n):
x = (int)(math.ceil(math.log2(n)))
max_size = 2 * (int)(2**x) - 1
st = [0] * max_size
constructSTUtil(arr, 0, n - 1, st, 0)
return st
def tobinary(a): return bin(a).replace('0b', '')
def nextPerfectSquare(N):
nextN = math.floor(math.sqrt(N)) + 1
return nextN * nextN
def modFact(n, p):
result = 1
for i in range(1, n + 1):
result *= i
result %= p
return result
def maxsubarrayproduct(arr):
n = len(arr)
max_ending_here = 1
min_ending_here = 1
max_so_far = 0
flag = 0
for i in range(0, n):
if arr[i] > 0:
max_ending_here = max_ending_here * arr[i]
min_ending_here = min (min_ending_here * arr[i], 1)
flag = 1
elif arr[i] == 0:
max_ending_here = 1
min_ending_here = 1
else:
temp = max_ending_here
max_ending_here = max (min_ending_here * arr[i], 1)
min_ending_here = temp * arr[i]
if (max_so_far < max_ending_here):
max_so_far = max_ending_here
if flag == 0 and max_so_far == 0:
return 0
return max_so_far
alphabets = list("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz")
vowels = list("aeiou")
MOD1 = int(1e9 + 7)
MOD2 = 998244353
INF = int(1e18)
for _ in range(inp()):
n = inp()
a = inlt()
b = sorted(a)
ans = (1 << 30) - 1
for i in range(n):
if a[i] != b[i]:
ans &= a[i]
print(ans)
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long int
#define endl "\n"
using namespace std;
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) {return a == 0 ? b : gcd(b % a, a);}
ll binpow(ll a, ll b, ll m) {ll res = 1; while (b > 0) {if (b & 1)res = res * a % m; a = a * a % m; b >>= 1;} return res;}
#define MOD 1000000007
#define INF 1e6
void solve()
{
int n;
cin >> n;
vector<int>ans;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int a;
cin >> a;
if (a != i)
{
ans.push_back(a);
}
}
int a = ans[0];
for (int i = 1; i < ans.size(); i++)
{
a &= ans[i];
}
cout << a << endl;
}
int32_t main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
#endif
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
int t;
cin >> t;
while (t--)
solve();
return 0;
}
1326B - Maximums | 1635C - Differential Sorting |
961A - Tetris | 1635B - Avoid Local Maximums |
20A - BerOS file system | 1637A - Sorting Parts |
509A - Maximum in Table | 1647C - Madoka and Childish Pranks |
689B - Mike and Shortcuts | 379B - New Year Present |
1498A - GCD Sum | 1277C - As Simple as One and Two |
1301A - Three Strings | 460A - Vasya and Socks |
1624C - Division by Two and Permutation | 1288A - Deadline |
1617A - Forbidden Subsequence | 914A - Perfect Squares |
873D - Merge Sort | 1251A - Broken Keyboard |
463B - Caisa and Pylons | 584A - Olesya and Rodion |
799A - Carrot Cakes | 1569B - Chess Tournament |
1047B - Cover Points | 1381B - Unmerge |
1256A - Payment Without Change | 908B - New Year and Buggy Bot |
979A - Pizza Pizza Pizza | 731A - Night at the Museum |