C Operators

An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical functions.

Types of operators in c:

Arithmetic operators:

Let’s understand the arithmetic operators with the help of examples.

#include<stdio.h>

void main(){

    int a = 20;

    int b = 10;

    printf("%i\n", a+b); //Adds two operands -- 30
    
    printf("%i\n", a-b); //Substracts second operand from the first -- 10
    
    printf("%i\n", a*b); //Multiplies both operands -- 200
    
    printf("%i\n", a/b); //Divide numerator by De-nomerator -- 2
    
    printf("%i\n", a%b); //Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division -- 0
    
    printf("%i\n", a++); //Increment operator increases the integer value by one after the current operation -- 20
    
    printf("%i\n", a--); //Decrement operator decreases the integer value by one after the current operation -- 10

    printf("%i\n", ++a); //Increment operator increases the integer value by one  -- 21

    printf("%i\n", --a); //Decrement operator decreases the integer value by one -- 20

}

Relational operators

A relational operator checks the relationship between two operands. If the relation is true, it returns 1; if the relation is false, it returns value 0.

Lets understand the relational operators

#include<stdio.h>

void main(){
    int a = 10;
    int b = 7;
    
    printf("%d\n", a==b);  //equal to                   -- 0
    
    printf("%d\n", a<b);   //less than                  -- 0
    
    printf("%d\n", a>b);   //greater than               -- 1
    
    printf("%d\n", a<=b);  //less than or equal to      -- 0
    
    printf("%d\n", a>=b);  //greater than or equal to   -- 1
    
    printf("%d\n", a!=b);  //not equal to               -- 1
}

Logical operators

An expression containing a logical operator returns either 0 or 1 depending upon whether the expression results true or false. Logical operators are commonly used in decision making in C.

Let’s understand the logical operators with the examples:

#include<stdio.h>

void main(){
    int a=5;
    int b = 10;
    int c =15;
    int result;
    result = (a == b) && (c >b); //Logical AND. True only if all operands are true.
    printf("%d \n", result); // -- 0
    
    result = (a == b) || (c < b); //Logical OR. True only if all operands is true.
    printf("%d \n", result); // -- 0
    
    result = !(a != b); //Logical OR. True only if either one operand is true.
    printf("%d \n", result); // -- 0
}

Bitwise operators

During computation, mathematical operations like: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc are converted to bit-level which makes processing faster and saves power.

Lets understand with an example:

#include<stdio.h>

void main(){
    int x =10;
    int y = 9;
    
    printf("%d\n", x&y); //bitwise AND              --8
    
    printf("%d\n", x||y); //bitwise OR              --1
    
    printf("%d\n", x^y); //bitwise exclusive OR     --3
    
    printf("%d\n", x>>y); //bitwise right           --0
    
    printf("%d\n", x<<y); //bitwise left            --5120
    
    printf("%d\n", x-y); //bitwise complement       --1
}